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Charles DeLano Hine
Charles DeLano Hine (March 15, 1867 – Feb. 13, 1927) was an American civil engineer, lawyer, railway official, and Colonel in the United States Army. He is credited for acknowledging the study of organizations as a separate fields of study.〔Yehouda Shenhav. "(From Chaos to Systems: The Engineering Foundations of Organization Theory, 1879-1932 )," in: ''Administrative Science Quarterly,'' Vol. 40, No. 4 (Dec., 1995), pp. 564-565〕 In 1912 he wrote, that organization has been termed a "smaller sister of sociology."〔C.D.L. Hine in ''Engineering Magazine.'' Vol. 42 (1912), p. 481〕〔''The Bent of Tau Beta Pi.'' Vol. 8 (1913), p. 6〕〔Haridimos Tsoukas, Christian Knudsen (2005). ''The Oxford Handbook of Organization Theory.'' p. 186〕
== Life and work ==
Born in Vienna, Virginia, Hine graduated from United States Military Academy, West Point in 1891, and served as a lieutenant in the 6th United States Infantry. Subsequently he graduated from Cincinnati Law School.〔Hine (1909, Foreword)〕
Leaving the Army to enter railway service, he worked as freight brakeman, switchman, yardmaster, emergency conductor, chief clerk to superintendent, and trainmaster. When the Spanish–American War began in 1898 he quit railway service and participated in the Santiago campaign as a major of volunteers. After the war he re-entered railway work, and was trainmaster and later general superintendent. Subsequently, he did special railway work in various staff positions for both large and small railways in the United States, Canada and Mexico.〔
He was for a time inspector of safety appliances for the Interstate Commerce Commission. In 1907 he assisted in the revision of the business methods of the Department of the Interior at Washington, D.C. Then he was receiver of the Washington, Arlington & Falls Church Electric Railway. In 1910, as temporary special representative of President Taft, he outlined a scheme for improving the organization and methods of the executive departments of the United States government. Meantime, in July, 1908, he had become special representative of Mr. Julius Kruttschnitt, director of maintenance and operation of the Harriman Lines, and had entered on a study of the needs of the operating organization of those railways and of the means that should be adopted to meet those needs. The result of this work was the adoption by most of the Harriman Lines of the unit system of organization. On January 15, 1912, Major Hine became vice-president and general manager of the Southern Pacific Lines in Mexico and the Arizona Eastern, having about 1,600 miles of railway.〔
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